https://journals.nawroz.edu.krd/index.php/ajnu <p><em>Academic Journal of Nawroz University</em> (AJNU) is a quarterly academic journal published by the Nawroz University. AJNU publishes original researches in all areas of Science and Social Science. AJNU is a Peer-Reviewed Open Access journal with Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).&nbsp; AJNU provides immediate, worldwide, barrier-free access to the full text of research articles without requiring a subscription to the journal. AJNU applies the highest standards to everything it does and adopts APA citation/referencing style. AJNU Section Policy includes three types of publications; Articles, Review Articles, and Letters. AJNU is a member of the ROAD with e-ISSN: 2520-789X&nbsp;and a member of the Crossref&nbsp;a DOI:&nbsp;10.25007/issn.2520-789X</p> Nawroz University en-US Academic Journal of Nawroz University 2520-789X <h3>Authors retain copyright</h3> <p>The use of a Creative Commons License enables authors/editors to retain copyright to their work. Publications can be reused and redistributed as long as the original author is correctly attributed.</p> <p> </p> <ol> <li>Copyright</li> </ol> <p> </p> <ol> <li>The researcher(s), whether a single or joint research paper, must sell and transfer to the publisher (the Academic Journal of Nawroz University) through all the duration of the publication which starts from the date of entering this Agreement into force, the exclusive rights of the research paper/article. These rights include the translation, reuse of papers/articles, transmit or distribute, or use the material or parts(s) contained therein to be published in scientific, academic, technical, professional journals or any other periodicals including any other works derived from them, all over the world, in English and Arabic, whether in print or in electronic edition of such journals and periodicals in all types of media or formats now or that may exist in the future. Rights also include giving license (or granting permission) to a third party to use the materials and any other works derived from them and publish them in such journals and periodicals all over the world. Transfer right under this Agreement includes the right to modify such materials to be used with computer systems and software, or to reproduce or publish it in e-formats and also to incorporate them into retrieval systems.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <ol start="2"> <li>Reproduction, reference, transmission, distribution or any other use of the content, or any parts of the subjects included in that content in any manner permitted by this Agreement, must be accompanied by mentioning the source which is (the Academic Journal of Nawroz University) and the publisher in addition to the title of the article, the name of the author (or co-authors), journal’s name, volume or issue, publisher's copyright, and publication year.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <ol start="3"> <li>The Academic Journal of Nawroz University reserves all rights to publish research papers/articles issued under a “Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction of the paper/article by any means, provided that the original work is correctly cited.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <ol> <li>Reservation of Rights</li> </ol> <p>The researcher(s) preserves all intellectual property rights (except for the one transferred to the publisher under this Agreement).</p> <ol> <li>Researcher’s guarantee</li> </ol> <p>The researcher(s) hereby guarantees that the content of the paper/article is original. It has been submitted only to the Academic Journal of Nawroz University and has not been previously published by any other party.</p> <p>In the event that the paper/article is written jointly with other researchers, the researcher guarantees that he/she has informed the other co-authors about the terms of this agreement, as well as obtaining their signature or written permission to sign on their behalf.</p> <p>The author further guarantees:</p> <ul> <li>The research paper/article does not contain any defamatory statements or illegal comments.</li> <li>The research paper/article does not violate other's rights (including but not limited to copyright, patent, and trademark rights).</li> </ul> <p>This research paper/article does not contain any facts or instructions that could cause damages or harm to others, and publishing it does not lead to disclosure of any confidential information.</p> <p hidden="true"><a href="https://journals.nawroz.edu.krd/Copyright%20Transfer Agreement.docx"><strong>Copyright Transfer Agreement</strong></a></p> https://journals.nawroz.edu.krd/index.php/ajnu/article/view/1156 <p>Compliment is one of the important aspects of language, which is more related to pragmatic, and ever since the beginning of human kind on earth with sign language, compliment has been used for a work that has been done, and on the other side it refers as an appreciation, respect and honesty.</p> <p>This research attempts to show the relevancy between compliment and respect, under the title of “<em>Respect Is One Of The Methods To Analyze Reactions Of Compliment</em>”, The main goal of this research is to learn in the act of compliment, what role and relationship respect has.</p> <p>The research consists of two parts, first part is (Compliment, Concept and Definition), which talks about the notion of compliment, second part is (<em>Respect Is One Of The Methods To Analyze Reactions Of Compliment</em>).</p> Baravan Waheed Hasan Copyright (c) 2024 Academic Journal of Nawroz University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-05-05 2024-05-05 13 2 1 8 10.25007/ajnu.v13n2a1156 https://journals.nawroz.edu.krd/index.php/ajnu/article/view/2012 <p>Ensuring system availability and reliability is crucial in the quickly developing field of cloud computing. The importance of fault tolerance in cloud infrastructure systems grows as organizations become more reliant on it to support their critical operations. The purpose of this article is to investigate the intricate realm of cloud computing and distributed systems. Specifically, the paper will investigate the numerous forms of cloud computing, fault tolerance methods, and frameworks that enable cloud services to be robust and durable.</p> <p>Cloud computing has transformed the way in which organizations and individuals access and administer computing resources. The paper discusses several deployment options, including public, private, hybrid, and multi-cloud environments, which provide organizations with the advantages of flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. The inherent flexibility of cloud computing renders it well-suited for a diverse range of applications, spanning from the hosting of websites to the execution of intricate data analytics processes.</p> <p>Generally, cloud computing encounters substantial obstacles, including the need of maintaining uninterrupted service in the face of hardware failures, network outages, or software errors, despite its tremendous benefits. The critical importance of fault tolerance in this particular situation cannot be overstated, as it plays a pivotal role in maintaining the dependability and availability of the system.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>The primary objective of this study is to examine the utilization of distributed systems as a means to augment fault tolerance within the realm of cloud computing and distributed systems. Distributed systems offer an optimal approach for addressing difficulties related to fault tolerance, owing to its intrinsic capability to divide workloads and data over several nodes. This approach utilizes redundancy, replication, and the ability to recover seamlessly from disturbances, hence enhancing the resilience and resource efficiency of cloud services. This research reviews novel techniques and frameworks that utilize distributed systems to create fault-tolerant cloud computing architectures, emphasizing their substantial influence on the cloud computing domain. In conclusion, this research report includes a comparative analysis table that encompasses twenty preceding works.</p> Saman M. Almufti Subhi R. M. Zeebaree Copyright (c) 2024 Academic Journal of Nawroz University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-05-10 2024-05-10 13 2 9 29 10.25007/ajnu.v13n2a2012