Mechanical and Durability Properties of HMA Containing PG76-16 and Sustainable Sulfur Waste as Filler

Authors

  • Suad Kamiran Rasheed Dept. of Transportation Engineering, Technical College of Engineering, Duhok Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
  • Al-Hadidy A.I. Dept. of Transportation Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Mosul-Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1458

Abstract

In Iraq, sulfur waste (SW) accumulates, posing a costly disposal and gas emission problem. Using SW as a mineral filler is a cost-effective method for reducing the quantity of common filler (calcium carbonate; CaCO3) and hazardous gas emissions. SW was utilized to replace an asphalt binder component in hot asphalt mixes gradually. This study investigates the use of SW as a mineral filler in the construction of sustainable pavements. Three SWAC mixes with PG76-16 asphalt binder were created and compared to the CaCO3-asphalt concrete (AC) mix used as the study's reference. SWAC refers to 4 percent, 5 percent, and 6 percent sulfur-contaminated asphalt concrete, while one AC blend contained a 5 percent CaCO3 concentration (by weight). AC and SWAC mixtures had their Marshall stability, Marshall quotient, tensile strength at 25 and 60°C, tensile strength ratio, and tensile strength modulus at 25 and 60°C determined. SWAC mixtures have decreased tensile strength, tensile stiffness modulus, and tensile strength ratio. When the PG76-16 binder is used, tensile strength ratios remain above the required minimum of 85 percent despite the lower SWAC percentage. In addition, SWAC combinations have greater flow values, indicating a higher rupture strain capacity. All SWAC combinations meet the ASTM standards for 8kN stability, 2-4mm flow, 4 percent air voids, and 14 percent VMA, so long as the correct binder content is maintained. This study found that SW can be used as a mineral filler in pavement applications at a 4–5 percent rate by aggregate weight, similar to the applications studied.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Afshar Yousefi, Ali Behnood, Ata Nowruzi, and Hamzeh Haghshenas. "Performance evaluation of asphalt mixtures containing warm mix asphalt (WMA) additives and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)." Construction and Building Materials 268 (2021): 121200.

Ahmed et al. (1985) "Using sulfur waste as replacement of asphalt cement in paving constructions.” NCCL, No. 28.

Al-Hadidy AI (2001). "Influence of Polyethylene and Sulfur Waste on Characteristics of Asphalt Paving Materials," M.Sc. thesis, college of Engg. University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad-Iraq.

Al-Hadidy AI (2020). "Performance of SBS-HMA Mixes Made with Sasobit and Zeolite." J. Mate. Civ.Eng., Vol. 32, Issue 10 (October 2020).

Al-Hadidy AI (2022). "Sustainable Recycling of Sulfur Waste Through Utilization in Asphalt Paving Applications." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42947-021-00143-w.

An, J., Golestani, B., Nam, B. H., & Lee, J. L. (2015, June). Sustainable utilization of MSWI bottom ash as road construction materials, part I: Physical and mechanical evaluation. In Airfield and Highway Pavements, 2015.

Arabani, M.; Mirabdolazimi, S.M.; Sasani, A.R. (2010). The effect of waste tire thread mesh on the dynamic behavior of asphalt mixtures.Constr. Build. Mater., 24, 1060–1068.

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). 2011. Standard Test Method for Determining the Resilient Modulus of Bituminous Mixtures by Indirect Tension Test, D7369.

ASTM Standard Specifications, (2015). Part IB, Volume 04.03 Road and Paving Materials Vehicle Pavement Systems.

ASTM Standard Specifications, (2015). Part IB, Volume 04-02, Concrete and Aggregates.

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) (2016). Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Asphalt Mixture Cracking Resistance using the Semi-Circular Bend Test (SCB) at Intermediate Temperatures, D8044.

Asphalt Institute, Mix design method for asphalt concrete and other hot-mix types, (MS-2), 1984.

British Standards Institution. Sampling and examination of bituminous mixture for road and other paved areas. Part 3: Method for design and physical testing. BS 598, 1990.

D. Singh, P.K. Ashish, S.F. Chitragar, Laboratory performance of Recycled Asphalt Mixes containing wax and chemical-based Warm Mix Additives using Semi-Circular Bending and Tensile Strength Ratio tests, Constr. Build. Mater. 158 (2018) 1003–1014.

Do, H.S.; Mun, P.H.; Keun, R.S. (2008). A study on engineering characteristics of asphalt concrete using filler with recycled waste lime. Waste Manag., 28, 191–199.

Federal Highway Administration (2016). "Strategies for Improving Sustainability of Asphalt Pavements," US Department of Transportation, Office of Pavement Technology, FHWA-HIF-16-012.

Federal Highway Administration (2012). "An Alternative Asphalt Binder, Sulfur-Extended Asphalt (SEA)," US Department of Transportation, Office of Pavement Technology, FHWA-HIF-12-037.

F. Kaseer, F. Yin, E. Arámbula-Mercado, A. Epps Martin, J.S. Daniel, S. Salari, Development of an index to evaluate the cracking potential of asphalt mixtures using the semi-circular bending test, Constr. Build. Mater. 167 (2018) 286–298.

González, A.; Norambuena-Contreras, J.; Storey, L.; Schlangen, E. (2018). Self-healing properties of recycled asphalt mixtures containing metal waste: An approach through microwave radiation heating. J. Environ. Manag., 214, 242–251.

G. Nsengiyumva, Development of Semi-Circular Bending (SCB), Fracture Test for Bituminous Mixtures (2015)

L.N. Mohammad, M.A. Elseifi, S.B. Cooper, H. Challa, P. Naidoo, Laboratory evaluation of asphalt mixtures that contain bio binder technologies, Transp. Res. Rec. 2371 (1) (2013) 58–65.

National Center for Construction Laboratories (NCCL), "Materials and Construction Works Specification," Ministry of Housing and Construction and Public Works. Directorate of Research and Technical Affairs, January 2018, Baghdad-Iraq.

SE. Zoorob, L.B. Suparma (2000). Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of continuously graded Asphaltic concrete containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (Plastiphalt). Cement & Concrete Composites, 22, 233-242.

Thøgersen, F.; Colette, G.; Josef, S.; Pierre, H.; Yannick, D.; Cyrille, C.; Anita, B.; Broere, P.; Bizjak, K.F.; Hellman, F.; et al. (2013). Recycling road materials into new unbound road layers are the main practice in selected European countries. Road Mater. Pavement Des.14, 438–444.

Timm, D., Tran, N., Taylor, A., Robbins, M., and Powell, B. (2009). "Evaluation of mixture performance and structural capacity of pavements using Shell Thiopave, Phase I: Mix design, laboratory performance evaluation and structural pavement analysis and design." NCAT Rep. 09-05, National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn, AL.

Van Hung Nguyen and Van Phuc Le (2019). "Performance evaluation of sulfur as alternative binder additive for asphalt mixtures." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology volume 12, pp380–387.

Yalcin, E. (2021). Microwave and induction heating affect the mechanical and self-healing characteristics of the asphalt mixtures containing waste metal. Constr. Build. Mater, 286, 122965.

Y. Yu, H. David, R. Reynaldo, Fracture tolerance of asphalt binder at intermediate temperatures, J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (9) (2017) 4017108.

Y. Yan, F. Preti, E. Romeo, G. Lopp, G. Tebaldi, R. Roque, Fracture energy density of interstitial component of asphalt mixtures, Mater. Struct. 51 (5) (2018) 118.

Downloads

Published

2023-11-23

How to Cite

Kamiran Rasheed , S. ., & A.I. , A.-H. . (2023). Mechanical and Durability Properties of HMA Containing PG76-16 and Sustainable Sulfur Waste as Filler. Academic Journal of Nawroz University, 12(4), 709–719. https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1458

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 4 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Academic Journal of Nawroz University

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Authors retain copyright

The use of a Creative Commons License enables authors/editors to retain copyright to their work. Publications can be reused and redistributed as long as the original author is correctly attributed.

 

  1. Copyright

 

  1. The researcher(s), whether a single or joint research paper, must sell and transfer to the publisher (the Academic Journal of Nawroz University) through all the duration of the publication which starts from the date of entering this Agreement into force, the exclusive rights of the research paper/article. These rights include the translation, reuse of papers/articles, transmit or distribute, or use the material or parts(s) contained therein to be published in scientific, academic, technical, professional journals or any other periodicals including any other works derived from them, all over the world, in English and Arabic, whether in print or in electronic edition of such journals and periodicals in all types of media or formats now or that may exist in the future. Rights also include giving license (or granting permission) to a third party to use the materials and any other works derived from them and publish them in such journals and periodicals all over the world. Transfer right under this Agreement includes the right to modify such materials to be used with computer systems and software, or to reproduce or publish it in e-formats and also to incorporate them into retrieval systems.

 

  1. Reproduction, reference, transmission, distribution or any other use of the content, or any parts of the subjects included in that content in any manner permitted by this Agreement, must be accompanied by mentioning the source which is (the Academic Journal of Nawroz University) and the publisher in addition to the title of the article, the name of the author (or co-authors), journal’s name, volume or issue, publisher's copyright, and publication year.

 

  1. The Academic Journal of Nawroz University reserves all rights to publish research papers/articles issued under a “Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction of the paper/article by any means, provided that the original work is correctly cited.

 

  1. Reservation of Rights

The researcher(s) preserves all intellectual property rights (except for the one transferred to the publisher under this Agreement).

  1. Researcher’s guarantee

The researcher(s) hereby guarantees that the content of the paper/article is original. It has been submitted only to the Academic Journal of Nawroz University and has not been previously published by any other party.

In the event that the paper/article is written jointly with other researchers, the researcher guarantees that he/she has informed the other co-authors about the terms of this agreement, as well as obtaining their signature or written permission to sign on their behalf.

The author further guarantees:

  • The research paper/article does not contain any defamatory statements or illegal comments.
  • The research paper/article does not violate other's rights (including but not limited to copyright, patent, and trademark rights).

This research paper/article does not contain any facts or instructions that could cause damages or harm to others, and publishing it does not lead to disclosure of any confidential information.