Legal gaps to prohibit human trafficking between international conventions and Iraqi laws
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n3a1674Abstract
Human trafficking is an old practice known to mankind in many different ways. After the twenty-first century in particular, it has transformed from the only rare practice to a serious crime prohibited by international and national laws due to the fact that it violates human's dignity and take away his freedom and a decent life like others. Almost human trafficking is being committed in all counties that have lead these countries to enact laws that prohibit all types of it. Perhaps the greatest danger of this crime is the groups that are mostly targeted such as vulnerable groups of women, girls and children as well as migrant workers. For the purpose of this research the term of human trafficking means" the recruitment, transporting, transferring, harboring people or receiving them with the use of force, coercion, fraud or any other forms of deception, for the purpose of exploitation.”
Many of the practices associated with trafficking have been prohibited. In addition to national laws, international human rights law also has prohibited many types of trafficking such as slavery, servitude, sexual exploitation of child, forced marriage, and forced prostitution that constitute human rights violations.
Statistically, according to the United Nations report in 2018 there are fifty thousand victims of human trafficking, reported by 148 countries. 50 percent of the victims discovered were exploited for sexual purposes, while 38 percent of them were exploited in forced labor. This crime affects thousands of women, children and men, and a dangerous increase of trafficked children compared to other groups.
In Iraq, human trafficking began to spread and grow seriously after 2003. Because of the seriousness of this, the legislators enacted Law 28 of 2012, and Kurdistan region legislation has issued Law No. 6 of 2018 to enforce Federal Law No. 28 of 2018.
Importance of the study: The importance of this study is to clarify the legal gap between international conventions and national legislations in which lead to escaping of many of those who benefit from human trafficking.
Problem of the study: The problem of the study is not having accurate concept of human trafficking. Also, the different dealing of national and international laws in terms of some important issues related to human trafficking might be the cause of the inability to confront it and combat this phenomenon.
Structure of the study: To clarify the crime from the perspective of Iraqi laws and analyze it, and to find out the problem of the extent of the legal gap between the Iraqi international laws to confront human trafficking, we divided this research into two main sections. First one deals with the basic concept of trafficking and the second chapter explains the human trafficking crisis in international and Iraqi laws.
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-- قانون العقوبات العراقي رقم 111 لسنة 1969 المعدل.
- قانون مكافحة البغاء رقم 8 لسنة 1988.
- قانون مكافحة الاتجار بالبشر العراقي رقم 28 لسنة 2012.
رابعا: المواقع الالكترونية
- نشرة النتربول الدولي على الرابط : https://www.interpol.int/ar
- زواج القاصرات في العراق – اذى مخفي واحلام مؤودة، موقع https://shafaq.com/ar
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